Music is a powerful medium that transcends borders, speaks to the soul, and serves as a voice for the voiceless. Throughout history, musicians have played critical roles in highlighting societal injustices, with their songs often becoming anthems of protest. In Africa, artists have used their art to address key social issues—speaking out against political corruption, poverty, environmental degradation, and inequality. By shedding light on these matters, they inspire change and encourage conversations that might otherwise remain in the shadows.
For musicians, using their music to speak up isn’t just about entertainment; it’s a form of activism. Their songs become tools for protest, rallying the masses to take action, reflect on the state of society, or even challenge the government. Here are “10 African songs” that address social issues and can be considered protest music, making a statement in times of national dialogue and protests.
1. “Run Go” by Stonebwoy (Ghana)
Stonebwoy’s “Run Go” is a profound critique of political leaders and those in positions of power. The reggae-inspired track asks where the leaders will go when the land is destroyed and the people are suffering because of their actions or inaction. The song encourages responsibility and accountability, particularly among those charged with leading the country.
2. “Revolution Sound” by Kwesi Arthur (Ghana)
Kwesi Arthur’s *“Revolution Sound”* speaks directly to the youth, calling them to rise up and challenge the systemic issues in Ghana. The song addresses political negligence, poverty, and unemployment, urging the younger generation to fight for a better future. It serves as a modern-day anthem for activism.
3. “Zombie” by Fela Kuti (Nigeria)
One of the most iconic protest songs in African history, Fela Kuti’s “Zombie” critiques the military dictatorship in Nigeria. With powerful, satirical lyrics, he compares soldiers to “zombies” who blindly follow orders, highlighting the lack of accountability in the military system. Fela’s music became a voice for political resistance across Africa.
4. “Different” by Burna Boy ft. Damian Marley & Angelique Kidjo (Nigeria)
In “Different,” Burna Boy collaborates with Damian Marley and Angelique Kidjo to speak on unity, resilience, and cultural pride in the face of global and local challenges. The song addresses issues of identity and exploitation, urging Africans to recognize their shared heritage and strength.
5. “Pressure (Stop Galamsey Now)” by Sofie (Ghana)
Sofie’s “Pressure (Stop Galamsey Now)” addresses the urgent environmental issue of illegal mining in Ghana. The song raises awareness about the environmental devastation caused by galamsey, urging leaders and citizens to take responsibility and stop the practice to preserve Ghana’s resources.
6. “Françafrique” by Tiken Jah Fakoly (Ivory Coast)
Tiken Jah Fakoly’s “Françafrique” is a reggae track that criticizes political corruption and the suffering it brings to ordinary people. Fakoly’s lyrics are a call to African leaders to prioritize their citizens’ well-being, and the song has become a symbol of the fight against political greed and neglect across the continent.
7. “Coffin for Head of State” by Fela Kuti (Nigeria)
In “Coffin for Head of State,” Fela Kuti once again critiques Nigeria’s military government, recounting how his mother was thrown from a window during a raid on his compound. The song is a deeply personal and poignant protest against oppression, corruption, and the human rights abuses committed by the state.
8. “20 10 20” by Burna Boy (Nigeria)
This is a moving tribute to the lives lost during the #EndSARS protests in Nigeria on October 20, 2020, specifically referencing the Lekki Toll Gate massacre. This protest song highlights the tragic event where unarmed Nigerian protesters calling for an end to police brutality were reportedly fired upon by security forces. Burna Boy uses his platform to honor the victims, amplify their voices, and keep the memory of this tragic incident alive.
9. “Nizalwa Ngobani?” by Thandiswa Mazwai (South Africa)
In “Nizalwa Ngobani?” (Who Are You Born Of?), Thandiswa Mazwai reflects on the legacy of past freedom fighters, questioning if today’s generation honors their sacrifices. The song is a powerful reminder of South Africa’s struggle against apartheid and encourages young people to uphold their heritage and fight for justice.
10. “Stimela” by Hugh Masekela (South Africa)
Hugh Masekela’s “Stimela” (The Coal Train) is a moving song about African workers taken from their families to work in South Africa’s mines under exploitative conditions. The song vividly describes the hardships and sacrifices of these workers, providing a powerful critique of exploitation and labor injustices.
In times of protest, like the ongoing demonstrations against illegal mining and corruption in Ghana, these songs are more than just entertainment; they serve as the soundtrack to the movement. They remind us that the fight for a better society is ongoing and that music has the unique ability to inspire change and unite people for a common cause. Whether in the streets or in our homes, these songs continue to play a vital role in the conversation around social justice and accountability in Africa.
